CVE catalog

CVE-2023-28642

runc affected and fixed versions

runc is a CLI tool for spawning and running containers according to the OCI specification. It was found that AppArmor can be bypassed when `/proc` inside the container is symlinked with a specific mount configuration. This issue has been fixed in runc version 1.1.5, by prohibiting symlinked `/proc`. See PR #3785 for details. users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should avoid using an untrusted container image.

Severity: High · CVSS 7.8CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Published: Mar 29, 2023, 12:00:00 AM UTC
Source: [NVD] · [CVE record]
EPSS: 0.34% · Oct 27, 2026

Projects and upstream resources

[runc][Source-reported homepage]

Reported versions and fixes

Each observation applies to its named package, distribution, and release. Distribution backports can fix a vulnerability while retaining an older upstream version number.

Distribution / release	Package	Version	Status	Source
Debiantrixie	runc	`1.1.15+ds1-2`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiantrixie	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiansid	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiansid	runc	`1.3.6+ds1-1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianforky	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianforky	runc	`1.3.6+ds1-1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianbookworm-security	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianbookworm	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianbookworm	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]

Showing 9 fix observations. All 59 observations, including unknown and conflicting reports, are available below.

Provider details and historical evidence

Distribution / release	Package	Version	Status	Source
Debianbookworm	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianbookworm	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianbookworm-security	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianforky	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debianforky	runc	`1.3.6+ds1-1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiansid	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiansid	runc	`1.3.6+ds1-1`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiantrixie	runc	`1.1.15+ds1-2`	Fixed	[CVE-2023-28642]
Debiantrixie	runc	`1.1.5+ds1-1`	FixedDistribution-reported fixed boundary	[CVE-2023-28642]
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc10-0ubuntu1~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc10-0ubuntu1~18.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc4+dfsg1-2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc4+dfsg1-6`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc4+dfsg1-6ubuntu0.18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~18.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~18.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~18.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.0.1-0ubuntu2~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.1.0-0ubuntu1~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~18.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu18.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~18.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc10-0ubuntu1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc8+git20190923.3e425f80-0ubuntu1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~20.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~20.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~20.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~20.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.0.1-0ubuntu2~20.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.1.0-0ubuntu1~20.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.1.0-0ubuntu1~20.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu20.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.3`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.0.1-0ubuntu2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.0.1-0ubuntu3`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.0.3-0ubuntu1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.1.0-0ubuntu1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.1.0-0ubuntu1.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntu22.04	runc	`1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.3`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`0.0.8+dfsg-2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`0.1.1-0ubuntu5~16.04`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu1~16.04`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu2~16.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu2~16.04.1.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc2+docker1.12.6-0ubuntu1~16.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc2-0ubuntu2~16.04.1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.3`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm1`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm2`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC
Ubuntupro	runc	`1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm4`	UnknownSource applicability is not established	[UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642]Feb 4, 2026, 3:07:53 AM UTC

Original provider fields

{
  "package_releases": [
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "status": "fixed",
      "release": "sid",
      "version": "1.3.6+ds1-1"
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "status": "fixed",
      "release": "forky",
      "version": "1.3.6+ds1-1"
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "status": "fixed",
      "release": "trixie",
      "version": "1.1.15+ds1-2"
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "status": "fixed",
      "release": "bookworm",
      "version": "1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1"
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "status": "fixed",
      "release": "bookworm-security",
      "version": "1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1"
    }
  ],
  "fixed_versions": [
    {
      "bug": null,
      "name": "runc",
      "type": "source",
      "origin": null,
      "release": "sid",
      "urgency": "not yet assigned",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.5+ds1-1"
    },
    {
      "bug": null,
      "name": "runc",
      "type": "source",
      "origin": null,
      "release": "forky",
      "urgency": "not yet assigned",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.5+ds1-1"
    },
    {
      "bug": null,
      "name": "runc",
      "type": "source",
      "origin": null,
      "release": "trixie",
      "urgency": "not yet assigned",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.5+ds1-1"
    },
    {
      "bug": null,
      "name": "runc",
      "type": "source",
      "origin": null,
      "release": "bookworm",
      "urgency": "not yet assigned",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.5+ds1-1"
    }
  ],
  "distribution_packages": [
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "distro": "ubuntu",
      "ranges": [
        {
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm4"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "release": "pro",
      "versions": [
        "0.0.8+dfsg-2",
        "0.1.1-0ubuntu5~16.04",
        "1.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu1~16.04",
        "1.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu2~16.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu2~16.04.1.1",
        "1.0.0~rc2-0ubuntu2~16.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc2+docker1.12.6-0ubuntu1~16.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2",
        "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.3",
        "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4",
        "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm1",
        "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm2"
      ],
      "ecosystem": "deb",
      "provider_url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "fixed_version": "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~16.04.4+esm4",
      "provider_source": "pypi",
      "provider_record_id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "provider_updated_at": "2026-02-04T03:07:53.977451Z",
      "applicability_unknown": true
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "distro": "ubuntu",
      "ranges": [
        {
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~18.04.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "release": "18.04",
      "versions": [
        "1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1",
        "1.0.0~rc4+dfsg1-2",
        "1.0.0~rc4+dfsg1-6",
        "1.0.0~rc4+dfsg1-6ubuntu0.18.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~18.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc7+git20190403.029124da-0ubuntu1~18.04.2",
        "1.0.0~rc10-0ubuntu1~18.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc10-0ubuntu1~18.04.2",
        "1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~18.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~18.04.2",
        "1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~18.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~18.04.2",
        "1.0.1-0ubuntu2~18.04.1",
        "1.1.0-0ubuntu1~18.04.1",
        "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~18.04.1"
      ],
      "ecosystem": "deb",
      "provider_url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~18.04.2",
      "provider_source": "pypi",
      "provider_record_id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "provider_updated_at": "2026-02-04T03:07:53.977451Z",
      "applicability_unknown": true
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "distro": "ubuntu",
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        {
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "release": "20.04",
      "versions": [
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        "1.0.0~rc10-0ubuntu1",
        "1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~20.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc93-0ubuntu1~20.04.2",
        "1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~20.04.1",
        "1.0.0~rc95-0ubuntu1~20.04.2",
        "1.0.1-0ubuntu2~20.04.1",
        "1.1.0-0ubuntu1~20.04.1",
        "1.1.0-0ubuntu1~20.04.2",
        "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.1",
        "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.2"
      ],
      "ecosystem": "deb",
      "provider_url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.3",
      "provider_source": "pypi",
      "provider_record_id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "provider_updated_at": "2026-02-04T03:07:53.977451Z",
      "applicability_unknown": true
    },
    {
      "name": "runc",
      "distro": "ubuntu",
      "ranges": [
        {
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "release": "22.04",
      "versions": [
        "1.0.1-0ubuntu2",
        "1.0.1-0ubuntu3",
        "1.0.3-0ubuntu1",
        "1.1.0-0ubuntu1",
        "1.1.0-0ubuntu1.1",
        "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.1",
        "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.2"
      ],
      "ecosystem": "deb",
      "provider_url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "fixed_version": "1.1.4-0ubuntu1~22.04.3",
      "provider_source": "pypi",
      "provider_record_id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28642",
      "provider_updated_at": "2026-02-04T03:07:53.977451Z",
      "applicability_unknown": true
    }
  ]
}

OpenFactory catalog packages

Matching against OpenFactory catalog package versions is in progress.

[Debian 12 (Bookworm)]

[golang-github-opencontainers-runc-dev]Unknown
Source package: [runc]
Details (4)
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · all · bookworm-security
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · all · bookworm-security
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
[runc]Unknown
Details (4)
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm-security
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12
- 1.1.5+ds1-1+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm-security
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · bookworm; dsa · runc · debian · 12

[Debian 13 (Trixie)]

[golang-github-opencontainers-runc-dev]Unknown
Source package: [runc]
Details (2)
- 1.1.15+ds1-2 · all · trixie
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · 13
- 1.1.15+ds1-2 · all · trixie
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · 13
[runc]Unknown
Source package: [runc]
Details (2)
- 1.1.15+ds1-2+b4 · amd64 · trixie
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · 13
- 1.1.15+ds1-2+b4 · arm64 · trixie
  Fixed · Fixed: 1.1.5+ds1-1
  dsa · runc · debian · 13

Observed: Oct 28, 2026, 5:48:35 PM UTC

References

[CERT-Bund public advisories] · [Debian Security Tracker] · [FIRST EPSS] · [OSV Package Vulnerability Database] · [Red Hat security advisories and VEX] · [SUSE security advisories and VEX]