CVE catalog

CVE-2026-40342

Severity: Critical · CVSS 9.9CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Published: Apr 17, 2026, 7:22:46 PM UTC
Source: [NVD] · [CVE record]
EPSS: 0.69% · Oct 25, 2026

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

Vulnerable and fixed packages

Distribution-reported package versions and fixes. These do not depend on matching against the OpenFactory package catalog.

Distribution	Package	Release	Version	Status
Debian	firebird3.0	sid	`3.0.14.ds7-1`	fixed
Debian	firebird3.0	forky	`3.0.14.ds7-1`	fixed
Debian	firebird3.0	trixie	`3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1`	vulnerable
Debian	firebird3.0	bookworm	`3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1`	vulnerable
Cpe	firebird3.0	Not reported	Not reported	vulnerable
Cpe	firebird	Not reported	`3.0.14`	fixed
Cpe	firebird	Not reported	`4.0.7`	fixed
Cpe	firebird	Not reported	`5.0.4`	fixed
Cpe	firebird	Not reported	`5.0.4`	fixed

Fixed-version evidence

Distribution	Package	Type	Release	Fixed version	Urgency	Origin	Bugs
Debian	firebird3.0	source	sid	`3.0.14.ds7-1`	not yet assigned	Not reported	[1134333]
Debian	firebird3.0	source	forky	`3.0.14.ds7-1`	not yet assigned	Not reported	[1134333]
Debian	firebird3.0	source	trixie	`(unfixed)`	not yet assigned	Not reported	[1134333]
Debian	firebird3.0	source	bookworm	`(unfixed)`	not yet assigned	Not reported	[1134333]
Cpe	firebird	cpe	Not reported	`3.0.14`	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported
Cpe	firebird	cpe	Not reported	`4.0.7`	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported
Cpe	firebird	cpe	Not reported	`5.0.4`	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported
Cpe	firebird	cpe	Not reported	`5.0.4`	Not reported	NVD-CVE-2026-40342	Not reported

[Debian bug #1134333]

OpenFactory catalog packages

[Debian 12 (Bookworm)]

[firebird3.0-common]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird3.0-common-doc]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird3.0-doc]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird3.0-examples]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · all · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird3.0-server]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird3.0-server-core]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird3.0-utils]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[firebird-dev]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[libfbclient2]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
[libib-util]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · amd64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12
- 3.0.11.33637.ds4-2+deb12u1 · arm64 · bookworm
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · bookworm; nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 12

[Debian 13 (Trixie)]

[firebird3.0-common]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird3.0-common-doc]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird3.0-doc]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird3.0-examples]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird3.0-server]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · amd64 · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · arm64 · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird3.0-server-core]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · amd64 · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · arm64 · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird3.0-utils]Affected
Source package: [firebird3.0]
Details (2)
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · amd64 · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
- 3.0.12.ds7-13+deb13u1 · arm64 · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird3.0 · debian · 13
[firebird4.0-common]Affected
Source package: [firebird4.0]
Details (4)
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie-security
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie-security
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
[firebird4.0-common-doc]Affected
Source package: [firebird4.0]
Details (4)
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie-security
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie-security
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
[firebird4.0-doc]Affected
Source package: [firebird4.0]
Details (4)
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie-security
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13
- 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 · all · trixie-security
  Affected
  nvd · firebird4.0 · debian · 13

Next results

Observed: Oct 27, 2026, 7:59:03 AM UTC

References

[CERT-Bund public advisories] · [Debian Security Tracker] · [FIRST EPSS] · [National Vulnerability Database (NVD)] · [OSV Package Vulnerability Database] · [Red Hat security advisories and VEX] · [SUSE security advisories and VEX]